{"id":13358,"date":"2018-11-19T16:30:30","date_gmt":"2018-11-19T05:30:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/?p=13358"},"modified":"2018-11-21T11:30:56","modified_gmt":"2018-11-21T00:30:56","slug":"cranes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/cranes\/","title":{"rendered":"Cranes"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_13365\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13365\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image5.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-13365 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image5-300x235.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"235\" srcset=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image5-300x235.png 300w, http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image5-768x601.png 768w, http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image5.png 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-13365\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">An example EV3 crane<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>In this series of challenges, students will design and build motorized crane that uses a pulley and a string to lift and lower heavy objects. They can incorporate gears into the design to provide enough torque to lift heavier objects.<\/p>\n<h2>Learning objectives<\/h2>\n<p>After this lesson, students should be able to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Demonstrate how pulleys are used<\/li>\n<li>Identify the parts of a pulley system: axle\/shaft, pulley, string\/belt<\/li>\n<li>Understand that simple machines use mechanical advantage to multiply force<\/li>\n<li>Predict the lifting success of a design using pulleys<\/li>\n<li>Give examples of pulleys being used in their everyday life<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Materials needed<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>LEGO Education Mindstorms EV3 kits<\/li>\n<li>Pennies<\/li>\n<li>String<\/li>\n<li>Optional: Two extra touch sensors<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Teacher notes<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>When doing a project like this, it\u2019s important to put more emphasis on the design process and not end results. Your students will be more likely to experiment and be successful if you make that the expectation from the beginning. Instead of one big project, I have created a progression of small building &amp; programming challenges so you and your students can see the growth and celebrate those milestones.<\/li>\n<li>There are several opportunities to jump into supporting lessons all along the way for a deeper understanding, for example:\n<ul>\n<li>For more on sensors, see:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/ev3-sensors\/\">EV3 Sensors<\/a><\/li>\n<li>For more on gears, see:\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/a-week-in-the-life-5-vroom-vroom-up-up-and-away\/\">A Week In the Life #5: Vroom, Vroom, Up, Up, and Away!<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/exploring-gears\/\">Exploring gears<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Vocabulary<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Crane: A crane is a type of machine, generally equipped with a hoist rope, wire ropes or chains, and sheaves, that can be used both to lift and lower materials and to move them horizontally.<\/li>\n<li>Pulley: a wheel with a grooved rim around which a cord passes. It acts to change the direction of a force applied to the cord and is chiefly used (typically in combination) to raise heavy weights.<\/li>\n<li>Gear: one of a set of toothed wheels that work together to alter the relation between the speed of a driving mechanism (such as the engine of a vehicle or the crank of a bicycle) and the speed of the driven parts (the wheels).<\/li>\n<li>Torque: a twisting force that tends to cause rotation.<\/li>\n<li>Sensor: a device that detects or measures a physical property and records, indicates, or otherwise responds to it.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Challenge 1: Design a crane (up\/down)<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Design &amp; build<\/strong>: A crane that will lift and lower objects using a motor, pulley and string.<\/p>\n<p>Note: While prototyping, students can test design using the \u201cMotor Control\u201d function from the EV3 screen menu.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Program<\/strong>: Make a simple program that will lift and lower your crane string.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_13366\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13366\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image4.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-13366 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image4-300x82.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"82\" srcset=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image4-300x82.png 300w, http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image4-768x209.png 768w, http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image4-1024x279.png 1024w, http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image4.png 1130w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-13366\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Simple lift\/lower example<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Challenge 2: Lifting heaving objects<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Design &amp; build<\/strong>:\u00a0Increase the crane\u2019s ability to lift heavy loads using gears. Build a container for pennies and attach it to your string.<\/p>\n<p>(or) Modify the design to lift one and a half times its weight to a height of four inches.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_13369\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13369\" style=\"width: 240px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-13369 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image1-240x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"240\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image1-240x300.png 240w, http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image1-768x960.png 768w, http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image1.png 819w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 240px) 100vw, 240px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-13369\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A load of pennies<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;\">To calculate the gear ratio:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Count the number of teeth on the drive gear (the driver)<\/li>\n<li>Count the number of teeth on the driven gear<\/li>\n<li>The gear ratio can be written as a fraction (e.g. driven\/driver = 24\/8 = 3\/1)\u00a0 or a ratio (e.g. driven: driver = 3:1)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<figure id=\"attachment_13360\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13360\" style=\"width: 255px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-13360 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image10-255x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"255\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image10-255x300.png 255w, http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image10-768x903.png 768w, http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image10.png 871w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 255px) 100vw, 255px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-13360\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Calculating gear ratios<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/YY2_35ECXfg\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2>Challenge 3: Add left\/right movement<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Design &amp; build<\/strong>: Add right\/left rotation to your design using another motor.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_13359\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13359\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image11.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-13359 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image11-300x225.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image11-300x225.png 300w, http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image11-768x577.png 768w, http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image11.png 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-13359\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A possible approach<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_13364\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13364\" style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image6.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-13364 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image6-1024x187.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"187\" srcset=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image6-1024x187.png 1024w, http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image6-300x55.png 300w, http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image6-768x140.png 768w, http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image6-1320x241.png 1320w, http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image6.png 1652w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-13364\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Simple lift, rotate, and lower example<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Program<\/strong>: make a program that will allow the crane to lift\/lower and rotate left\/right.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/_zo7AyFXUlg\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2>Challenge 4: Create a controller using sensors<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Design &amp; build<\/strong>: Add sensors to control your robot\u2019s functions &#8211; try touch, gyro, light\/color, or ultrasonic.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_13367\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13367\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image3.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-13367 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image3-300x216.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"216\" srcset=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image3-300x216.png 300w, http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image3-768x552.png 768w, http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image3.png 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-13367\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">An example four button controller<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Program<\/strong>: make a program that uses sensors to control the crane functions.<\/p>\n<p><em>(Note: Click on any screenshot for a larger image.)<\/em><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_13362\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13362\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image8.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-13362 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image8-300x243.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"243\" srcset=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image8-300x243.png 300w, http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image8-768x621.png 768w, http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image8-1024x828.png 1024w, http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image8-1320x1068.png 1320w, http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image8.png 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-13362\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two touch sensor example<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_13368\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13368\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image2.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-13368 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image2-300x173.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"173\" srcset=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image2-300x173.png 300w, http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image2-768x442.png 768w, http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image2.png 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-13368\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Four touch sensor example<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_13363\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13363\" style=\"width: 189px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image7.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-13363 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image7-189x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"189\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image7-189x300.png 189w, http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image7-768x1220.png 768w, http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image7-645x1024.png 645w, http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/cranes-image7.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 189px) 100vw, 189px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-13363\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Color sensor example<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In this series of challenges, students will design and build motorized crane that uses a pulley and a string to lift and lower heavy objects. They can incorporate gears into the design to provide enough torque to lift heavier objects. Learning objectives After this lesson, students should be able to: Demonstrate how pulleys are used [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":592,"featured_media":13369,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[99],"tags":[121,616,187],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13358"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/592"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13358"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13358\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13369"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13358"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13358"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/legoeng.local\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13358"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}